The Music of 1791-95

Haydn in 1792
by Thomas Hardy

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Keeping up with Haydn in the 1790's can be a real challenge. We think we know all he did, but in fact, we only know what he wrote down or else told his later biographers about, and caught up in there are, on the one hand, music we wouldn't know about if he hadn't told us, and on the other, neglect of some things which we DO know from other sources. 

It is such a large amount of music that I have broken the decade into two temporally equal parts, the five years in England, which will be followed, soon, by the five subsequent years in Vienna. As always,  I invite your questions and comments. To head one of those off in advance; yes, I have included the works Haydn wrote in Vienna in 1793. For two reasons, first, it is a list of all music written during that time, and second, Haydn himself included them in his own list of 'Music Written in England'. 

I have also, intentionally, not included works which are lost, or otherwise unidentifiable, such as these (from Haydn's list); "4 Scotch songs" and "1 Aria con Orchestra" and even "God Save the King". There is still plenty here, though!

Hoboken I – Symphonies
Year	New Chronology	Hob I:	HRL	Key	Name	Instruments
1791	95	95	95	c		Flute, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1791	96	96	96	D	The Miracle	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1792	97	93	97	D		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1792	98	94	98	G	Surprise	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1792	99	97	100	C		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1792	100	98	99	Bb		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani, Harpsichord obbligato & Strings
1794	101	99	101	Eb		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1794	102	101	103	D	The Clock	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1794	103	100	102	G	Military	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani, Percussion & Strings
1795	104	102	104	Bb		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1795	105	103	105	Eb	Drumroll	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1795	106	104	106	D	London	2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1792	107	105		Bb	Sinfonia concertante	Solo Violin, Cello, Oboe & Bassoon with Flute, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings
1791 & 95		1a:3		C	Overture to Orfeo & Eurydice also Overture to Windsor Castle	Almost certainly the overture for L'anima del Filosofo, Haydn arranged it for Salomon to use at the première of his 'English Opera', Windsor Castle. Instrumentation unknown for 1795.
	(New Chronology / Gerlach N°s.)	(Hoboken catalog N°s.)	(Robbins-Landon N°s.)

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Hoboken II – Divertimentos for 4 or more Instruments
Hob 2#	Key	Instruments	Notes
27a	C	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins 2 Horns, 2 Violas, Cello & Basso	Notturno #3 - London version
28a	C	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins 2 Horns, 2 Violas, Cello & Basso	Notturno #4 - London version
29a	C	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins 2 Horns, 2 Violas, Cello & Basso	Notturno #5 - London version
31a	F	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins 2 Horns, 2 Violas, Cello & Basso	Notturno #7 - London version
32a	G	2 Flutes, Oboe, 2 Violins 2 Horns, 2 Violas, Cello & Basso	Notturno #8 - London version

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Hoboken III – String Quartets
Year	Hob 3 #	Opus #	New Grove #	Key	Notes
1793	69	71 #1	54	Bb	Written for London, but dedicated to Count Apponyi of Vienna
1793	70	71 #2	55	D
1793	71	71 #3	56	Eb
1793	72	74 #1	57	C
1793	73	74 #2	58	F
1793	74	74 #3	59	g

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Hoboken IV – Divertimentos for 3 Instruments
Year	Hob 4 #	Key	Instruments	Notes
1794	1	C	2 Flutes & Cello	Haydn composed all of these works for The Earl of Abingdon and his friend, Sir Walter, Baron Aston. The original intended layout of the works is unknown.
1794	2	G	2 Flutes & Cello
1794	3	G	2 Flutes & Cello
1794	4	G	2 Flutes & Cello

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Hoboken VII – Concertos (other than keyboard or baryton)
Hob 7#	Key	Instruments	Notes
h:1b	C	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins, 2 Violas, Cello and Baß	Reorchestrated versions that Haydn made for London tour. It is uncertain how many of the five he did himself, possibly all of them.
h:2b	G	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins, 2 Violas, Cello and Baß
h:3b	G	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins, 2 Violas, Cello and Baß
h:4b	F	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins, 2 Violas, Cello and Baß
h:5b	F	Flute, Oboe, 2 Violins, 2 Violas, Cello and Baß

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Hoboken VIII - Marches for Wind Band
Year	Hob #	Key	Instruments		Notes
1792	3	Eb	2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, Trumpet & Serpent		for the Prince of Wales
1792/95?	3a	Eb	2 Flutes, 2 Clarinets & 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets & Strings		Arrangement Haydn made for the full orchestra of the Royal Society of Musicians
1795	1	Eb	2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, Trumpet & Serpent		For Sir Henry Harpur - Derbyshire March #1
1795	2	C	2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, Trumpet & Serpent		Derbyshire March #2
Hoboken IX - Dances
Year	Hob #	Genre		Instruments	Notes
1792	11	Minuet		Piccolo, 2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings	Composed for the big winter dance at the Redoutensaal in Vienna.
1792	12	Deutsche Tänze (German Dance)		2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Horns, 2 Bassoons, 2 Trumpets, Timpani & Strings

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Hoboken XV – Keyboard Trios
Year	Hob 15 #	Landon #	Key	Instruments	Notes
1793	32	18	A	Fortepiano, Violin & Cello	Dedicated to Princess Maria Anna, wife of Prince Anton Esterházy
1793	33	19	g
1793	34	20	Bb
1792-4	31	32	G		This is the only work which was both a genuine trio (in London) & an authentic violin sonata (in Vienna)
1794	35	21	C		Dedicated to Princess Maria Hermenegild, wife of Prince Nicholas Esterházy
1794	36	22	Eb
1794	37	23	d
1795	38	24	D		Dedicated to Rebecca Schröter
1795	39	25	G
1795	40	26	f#
1795	41	31	eb		Written as a gift for Teresa Jansen-Bartolozzi

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Hoboken XVI – Solo Keyboard Sonatas
Year	Hob #	Landon #	Key	Notes
1794	50	60	C	for Teresa Jansen
1794	51	61	D	for Maria Hester Park
1794	52	62	Eb	for Teresa Jansen
Hoboken XVII – Other Solo Keyboard Works
Year	Hob #	Key	Genre	Notes
1792	deest	various	Minuet	12 Minuets Hob 09:11 Keyboard arrangement
1792	deest	various	Deutsch Tänze	12 German Dances Hob 09:12 Keyboard arrangement
1792	deest	Eb	March	March in Eb – "Prince of Wales" Keyboard arrangement Hob 08:3
1793	6	f	Double Variations	Andante & Variations, called by Haydn "Un piccolo divertimento"
1795	deest	Eb	March	Derbyshire March #1 Hob 08:1 Keyboard arrangement
1795	deest	C	March	Derbyshire March #1 Hob 08:2 Keyboard arrangement

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Hoboken XIX – Works for Flötenuhr (Flute Clock)
Hob 19#	Year	Key	Notes
17	1792	C	Menuett
18	1792	C	Vivace: Der Kaffeeklatsch
19	1793	F/C	Allegretto
20	1793	F/C	Andante
21	1793	C/F - G/C	Vivace	Different keys on 2 different clocks
22	1793		Menuett
23	1793		Allegro ma non troppo
24	1793	C	Fuga: Allegro
25	1793	D	Marche
26	1793		Andante - Allegro
27	1793	G	Allegretto
28	1793	C	Allegro
29	1793	C	Menuett
30	1793	G	Presto
31	1793	C	Presto
32	1793	F	Allegro

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Hoboken XXIII – Other Sacred Works
Year	Hob 23 Nachtrag*	Key	Title	Voices/Instruments**
1794	a	F	How oft, instinct with warmth divine	Soprano, Alto, Bass & Keyboard (fortepiano or organ)
1794	b	Eb	Blest be the name of Jacob's God	Choir, 2 Violins, Cello
1794	c	D	Maker of all! Be thou my guard	Soprano, Alto, Bass & Keyboard (fortepiano or organ)
1794	d	C	The Lord, th'almighty monarch spake	Choir, 2 Violins, Cello & Organ
1794	e	Eb	Long life shall Israel's King behold	Choir, Congregation, Cello & Organ
1794	f	A	O let me in th'accepted hour	Choir, Congregation, 2 Violins, Cello & Organ
* Nachtrag means 'supplement'				** From Tattersall's 'Improved Psalmody'

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Hoboken XXIV – Arias & Cantatas with Orchestra
Year	Hob 24a #	Key	Title	Instruments/Voices	Notes
1792	8	d	The Storm	S-A-T-B Chorus, 2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Bassoons & Strings	Haydn called this work a madrigal. Words by Peter Pindar (John Wolcot)
1794	9	F - D	Mare Clausum (Invocation of Neptune)	Bass, Chorus, Flute, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns & Strings	Lord Abingdon suggested Haydn write an oratorio on British themes. He completed just a Bass aria and a chorus.
1795	10	f	Berenice, che fai?	Soprano, Flute, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns & Strings	Written for the famous soprano Brigida Banti. She premiered it at Haydn's Benefit Concert in May, 1795.

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Hoboken XXVI – Arias & Cantatas with Orchestra
Year	Hob 24#	Key	Title	Instruments/Voices	Notes
1794	a:25	C	The Mermaid's Song	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	6 Original English Canzonettas Book 1 - Anne Hunter
1794	a:26	F	Recollection	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794	a:27	A	A Pastoral Song	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794	a:28	E	Despair	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794	a:29	G	Pleasing Pain	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794	a:30	f	Fidelity	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794-95	a:31	A	Sailor's Song	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	6 Original English Canzonettas Book 2 - Anne Hunter
1794-95	a:32	g	The Wanderer	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter
1794-95	a:33	E	Sympathy	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Metastasio
1794-95	a:34	Ab	She never told her love	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Shakespeare
1794-95	a:35	G	Piercing Eyes	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anonymous
1794-95	a:36	A	Content	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anonymous
1795	a:41	f	The Spirit's Song	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter – Single Song
1795	a:42	Eb	O Tuneful Voice	Solo Soprano or Tenor & Keyboard	Anne Hunter – Single Song
1794	b:3	A	Dr. Harington's Compliment	Soprano, Chorus & Keyboard	Dr. Henry Harington

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Hoboken XXVII – Vocal Canons
Year	Hob 27#	Key	Title		Genre/Voices	Notes
1791	a:1	C	The 1st Commandment	Du sollst an einen Gott glaube	Canon in 3 or 4 parts	The 10 Commandments The exact history of these canons is not known. Various recountings include; they were written for a Saxon Minister in 1791 (probable) or they were written for the ambassador from Saxony in 1795 (less likely).
1791	a:2	G	The 2nd Commandment	Du sollst den Namen Gottes nicht eitel nennen	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:3	Bb	The 3rd Commandment	Du sollst Sonn- und Feiertag heiligen	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:4	Eb	The 4th Commandment	Du sollst Vater und Mutter verehren	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:5	g	The 5th Commandment	Du sollst nicht töten	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:6	C	The 6th Commandment	Du sollst nicht Unkeuschheit treiben	Canon in 5 parts
1791	a:7	a	The 7th Commandment	Du sollst nicht siehlen	Canon in 5 parts
1791	a:8	E	The 8th Commandment	Du sollst kein falsch Zeugnis gehen	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:9	C	The 9th Commandment	Du sollst nicht begehren deines Nächsten Weis	Canon in 4 parts
1791	a:10	c	The 10th Commandment	Du sollst nicht begehren deines Nächsten Gut	Canon in 4 parts
1794	b:45	Bb		Turk was a faithful dog	Canon in 4 parts	Written for Rauzzini as an epitaph for his dog's gravestone
1791	b:46	C		Thy voice, o Harmony, is Divine	Canon in 3 parts	Written as his Doctoral thesis for Oxford - it is a variation of 27a:1 above

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Hoboken XXVIII – Italian Operas
Year	Hob 28 #	Title	Libretto	Voices/Instruments	Notes
1791	13	L'anima del filosofo, OSSIA Orfeo ed Eurydice (The Soul of the Philosopher, OR Orpheus & Eurydice)	Carlo Francesco Badini	2 Sop. Tenor, Bass, 4 Voice Chorus, 2 Flutes, 2 Oboes, 2 Clarinets, 2 English Horns, 2 Bassoons, 2 Horns, 2 Trumpets, 2 Trombones, Timpani, Harp, Strings, Basso continuo (pianoforte)	Never performed in London due to theater licensing issues. First full performance was in Florence, Italy in 1951.

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Hoboken XXXI – Various Other Songs
Year	Hob 31 #	Title		Songs	Notes
1792	a:1-100	100 Scottish National Airs A Selection of Original Scots Songs in Three Parts, the Harmony by Haydn		Click here to see full listing	For William Napier. The harmony consisted of a line for violin and one for continuo, played usually by a fortepiano, with a cello when available.
1795	a:101-150	50 Scottish National Airs		Click here to see full listing
1795 (4?)	c:16 (1-12)	12 Sentimental Catches & Glees		Haydn called them 12 Ballads – the words are by Lord Abingdon All are for 3 Voices & Keyboard
	No.	Key	Title		Genre
	1	A	Know then this truth		Catch
	2	G	O say what is		Catch
	3	A	Hail to the myrtle shade		Glee
	4	D	Love free as air		Catch
	5	C	Ah no[n] lasciarmi		Catch
	6	A	O ever beauteous		Catch
	7	G	Where shall a hapless		Glee
	8	Eb	Ye little loves		Glee
	9	A	Some kind angel		Catch
	10	a	Fruitless mourn		Catch
	11	A	Farewell my flocks		Catch
	12	C	The envious snow		Catch

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